Photon tunneling into a single-mode planar silicon waveguide.

We demonstrate the direct excitation of a single TE mode in 25 nm thick planar crystalline silicon waveguide by photon tunneling from a layer of fluorescent dye molecules deposited by the Langmuir-Blodgett technique. The observed photon tunneling rate as a function of the dye-silicon separation is well fitted by a theoretical tunneling rate, which is obtained via a novel approach within the framework of quantum mechanics. We suggest that future ultrathin crystalline silicon solar cells can be made efficient by simple light trapping structures consisting of molecules on silicon.